GHS简介

GHS，即《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（紫皮书）是十多年工作的成果。参加这项工作的有来自众多国家、国际组织和利益有关者组织的许多个人。他们的工作覆盖从毒理学到消防的范围广泛的专业，而且最终要求广泛的妥协诚意和意愿，以便实现这种制度。

有关专家委员会及其小组委员会工作的补充信息以及本文件出版后印发的更正，可访问欧洲经委会运输处网站以下网址：http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/danger.htm和http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_welcome_e.html。

GHS的目录

第 1 部分导言..................................................................................................................... 1

第1.1 章全球统一制度的目的、范围和适用.............................................................. 3

第1.2 章定义和缩略语................................................................................................ 9

第1.3 章危险物质和混合物分类................................................................................. 13

第1.4 章危险公示：标签............................................................................................ 19

第1.5 章危险公示：安全数据单................................................................................. 29

第2 部分物理危险............................................................................................................... 35

第2.1 章爆炸物........................................................................................................... 37

第2.2 章易燃气体....................................................................................................... 45

第2.3 章易燃气溶胶.................................................................................................... 49

第2.4 章氧化性气体.................................................................................................... 55

第2.5 章高压气体 ....................................................................................................... 59

第2.6 章易燃液体....................................................................................................... 63

第2.7 章易燃固体....................................................................................................... 67

第2.8 章自反应物质和混合物.................................................................................... 71

第2.9 章发火液体....................................................................................................... 75

第2.10 章发火固体....................................................................................................... 77

第2.11 章自热物质和混合物........................................................................................ 79

第2.12 章遇水放出易燃气体的物质和混合物.............................................................. 83

第2.13 章氧化性液体.................................................................................................... 87

第2.14 章氧化性固体.................................................................................................... 91

第2.15 章有机过氧化物................................................................................................ 95

第2.16 章金属腐蚀剂.................................................................................................... 99

第3 部分健康危险............................................................................................................... 101

第3.1 章急性毒性 ....................................................................................................... 103

第3.2 章皮肤腐蚀/刺激............................................................................................... 117

第3.3 章严重眼损伤/眼刺激....................................................................................... 131

第3.4 章呼吸或皮肤敏化作用.................................................................................... 145

第3.5 章生殖细胞致突变性........................................................................................ 153

第3.6 章致癌性........................................................................................................... 161

第3.7 章生殖毒性....................................................................................................... 169

第3.8 章特定目标器官系统毒性——单次接触........................................................... 183

第 3.9 章特定目标器官系统毒性——重复接触............................................................ 195

第3.10 章吸入危险........................................................................................................ 205

第4 部分环境危险............................................................................................................... 211

第4.1 章危害水生环境................................................................................................. 213

附件................ ...................................................................................................................... 233

附件1 标签要素的分配................................................................................................ 235

附件2 分类和标签汇总表............................................................................................. 257

附件3 防范说明和防范象形图..................................................................................... 297

附件4 编制安全数据单指导......................................................................................... 367

附件5 基于伤害可能性的消费产品标签...................................................................... 385

附件6 可理解性测试方法............................................................................................. 391

附件7 全球统一制度标签要素安排样例...................................................................... 407

附件8 全球统一制度分类实例..................................................................................... 417

附件9 水生环境危害指导............................................................................................. 427

OSHA中相关GHS的Guide

A Guide to The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)

Acronyms/Abbreviations

The following list presents some acronyms and abbreviations used in this document. The 6.0 - Glossary contains a more complete list.

ANSI: American National Standards Institute

APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

ASTM: American Society of Testing and Materials

CA: Competent Authority

CAS: Chemical Abstract Service

CBI: Confidential Business Information

CFR: Code of Federal Regulations

CG/HCCS: Coordinating Group for the Harmonization of Chemical Classification Systems

CPSC: Consumer Product Safety Commission

DOT: Department of Transportation

EINECS: European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances

EPA: Environmental Protection Agency

EU: European Union

FIFRA: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act

GHS: Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

HCS: Hazard Communication Standard

IARC: International Agency for the Research on Cancer

IFCS: International Forum on Chemical Safety

ILO: International Labor Organization

IOMC: Inter-organization Program on the Sound Management of Chemicals

ISO: International Standards Organization

IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

LD50 : Lethal dose 50mg/kg: Milligram per kilogram

MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet

NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement

OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

OECD: The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

QSARs: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships

SDS: Safety Data Sheet

SME: Small and medium sized enterprises

TFHCL: Task Force on the Harmonization of Classification and Labelling

TSCA: Toxic Substances Control Act

UN: United Nations

UNCED: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

UNCETDG: United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods

UNCETDG/GHS: United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

UNITAR: United Nations Institute for Training and Research

WG: work group

WHMIS: Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

WSSD: World Summit on Sustainable Development

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Background

1.1 What is the GHS?

1.2 Why was the GHS developed?

1.3 What was the International Mandate?

1.4 How was the GHS developed?

1.5 How will the GHS be maintained and updated?

1.6 When will the GHS be implemented?

1.7 What are the benefits?

2. How is the GHS to be applied?

2.1 Are all chemicals covered by the GHS?

2.2 Will all hazardous chemicals require a GHS label and Safety Data Sheet?

2.3 How will the GHS impact existing regulations?

2.4 What is meant by GHS Building Blocks?

2.5 How should the GHS Building Blocks by applied?

2.5.1 Transport

2.5.2 Workplace

2.5.3 Consumer

2.5.4 Pesticides

2.6 How will the GHS impact countries without existing regulations?

3. What is Classification?

3.1 What are the GHS Physical Hazards?

3.1.1 Explosives

3.1.2 Flammable Gases

3.1.3 Flammable Aerosols

3.1.4 Oxidizing Gases

3.1.5 Gases Under Pressure

3.1.6 Flammable Liquids

3.1.7 Flammable Solids

3.1.8 Self-Reactive Substances

3.1.9 Pyrophoric Liquids

3.1.10 Pyrophoric Solids

3.1.11 Self-Heating Substances

3.1.12 Substances Which in Contact with Water Emit Flammable Gases

3.1.13 Oxidizing Liquids

3.1.14 Oxidizing Solids

3.1.15 Organic Peroxides

3.1.16 Substances Corrosive to Metal

3.2 What are the GHS Health and Environmental Hazards?

3.2.1 Acute Toxicity

3.2.2 Skin Corrosion

3.2.3 Skin Irritation

3.2.4 Eye Effects

3.2.5 Sensitization

3.2.6 Germ Cell Mutagenicity

3.2.7 Carcinogenicity

3.2.8 Reproductive Toxicity

3.2.9 Target Organ Systemic Toxicity: Single Exposure & Repeated Exposure

3.2.10 Aspiration Toxicity

3.3 Environmental Hazards

3.3.1 Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment

3.3.1.1 Acute Aquatic Toxicity

3.3.1.2 Chronic Aquatic Toxicity

3.4 What is the GHS approach to classifying mixtures?

3.5 What are bridging principles?

3.6 What testing is required?

4. Hazard Communication

4.1 What factors influenced development of the GHS communication tools?

4.2 Labels

4.2.1 What does a label look like?

4.2.2 USA Examples

4.2.3 International Examples

4.3 What are the GHS label elements?

4.3.1 Symbols (hazard pictograms)

4.3.2 Signal Words

4.3.3 Hazard Statements

4.3.4 Precautionary Statements and Pictograms

4.3.5 Product Identifier (Ingredient Disclosure)

4.3.6 Supplier Identification

4.3.7 Supplemental Information

4.4 How are multiple hazards handled on labels?

4.5 Is there a specific GHS label format / layout?

4.6 What about risk?

4.7 Are workplace containers covered in the GHS?

4.8 What is the GHS Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?

4.9 What is the difference between the GHS SDS and existing MSDSs/SDSs?

4.10 When should SDSs and labels be updated?

4.11 How does the GHS address Confidential Business Information (CBI)?

4.12 Does the GHS address training?

5. References

6. Glossary

7. Appendices

A. Comparison of MSDSs/SDSs Elements

B. GHS MSDS examples

GHS相关的中国国家标准

GB 20576-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范.pdf

GB 20577-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范易燃气体.pdf

GB 20578-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范易燃气溶胶.pdf

GB 20579-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范氧化性气体.pdf

GB 20580-2006 化学品分类警示标签和警示性说明安全规范压力下气体.pdf

GB 20581-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范易燃液体.pdf

GB 20583-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范自反应物质.pdf

GB 20585-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范自燃液体.pdf

GB 20586-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范自燃固体.pdf

GB 20588-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范金属腐蚀物.pdf

GB 20589-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范氧化性液体.pdf

GB 20590-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范氧化性固体.pdf

GB 20591-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范有机过氧化物.pdf

GB 20593-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范皮肤腐蚀刺激.pdf

GB 20594-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范严重眼睛损伤眼睛刺激性.pdf

GB 20595-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范呼吸或皮肤过敏.pdf

GB 20602-2006 化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范对水环境的危害 .pdf

GBT22234-2008基于GHS的化学品标签的规范.pdf

GB_20584-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_自热物质.pdf

GB_20587-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_遇水放出易燃气体的物质.pdf

GB_20592-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_急性毒性.pdf

GB_20597-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_致癌性.pdf

GB_20598-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_生殖毒性.pdf

GB_20599-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_特异性靶器官系统毒性_一次接触.pdf

GB_20601-2006_化学品分类、警示标签和警示性说明安全规范_特异性靶器官系统毒性_反复接触.pdf

西亭科技

GHS简介

OSHA中相关GHS的Guide

GHS相关的中国国家标准

GTranslate

EHS培训